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TIME: Almanac 1993
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1992-09-25
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Albert Schweitzer
(July 11, 1949)
As an organist, Albert Schweitzer once played before jammed
audiences in churches and concert halls of Europe; his
recordings are still ranked at the top of their field. He is a
musicologist whose edition of Bach's organ works is a standard
text; his biography of Bach has never been surpassed. He is a
doctor of medicine whose 36 years of selfless pioneering as a
missionary to the natives of French Equatorial Africa are a
bright highlight in the relations between the white race and the
black. He is a philosopher who, like Spengler and Toynbee, has
thought deeply about the crisis of Western culture. He is a
Protestant minister and biblical scholar whose historical
criticism of the New Testament, early in this century, turned
out to be a theological blockbuster. Above all, he is a man who
decided to turn his back on the dazzling rewards the world
wanted to give him in order to serve his fellow men.
Why Africa? Because, says Schweitzer, here in all the world
the need was the greatest, and the hands that were stretched out
to help, the fewest. In Africa he saw the greatest unpaid debt
of Western civilization--to the black man the white man had
wronged, as Dives wronged Lazarus, through selfishness and
ignorance.
On a slow, long boat trip up the river, Schweitzer sat
covering sheet after sheet of paper with disjointed sentences
to keep his mind concentrated on the problem. Suddenly, on the
third day, at sunset, as the riverboat made its way through a
herd of hippopotamuses, "there flashed upon my mind, unforeseen
and unsought, the phrase yielded: the path in the thicket had
become visible."
Schweitzer believed that he had an intellectual justification,
at last, for what he had felt all along to be true; that he must
"show to all will-to-live the same reverence as I do to my own."
That is the "basic principle...It is good to maintain and to
encourage life; it is bad to destroy life or to obstruct it..."
"That man is truly ethical," he has written, "who shatters no
ice crystal as it sparkles in the sun, tears no leaf from a
tree, cuts no flower..."